Medical Anthropology A Subfield Of Anthropology - 947 Words

While critiquing medical anthropology, a subfield of anthropology that analyzes how different factors influence population health, pharmaceutical spheres are often overlooked in the way drugs are distributed and manufactured; there are distinctive agents that explain how a pharmaceutical territory could become an environment with a disrupted drug distribution system and with neglect for the impoverished. In 1990s Nigeria, its national drug market constituted around 30 to 70 percent of fake drugs (Peterson 6). Numerous drug markets were also run by criminals who facilitate activities in the wholesaling process of distributions (Peterson 16). Likewise, homeless AIDS patients in Brazil were outcasted from access to ARVs as an universal health therapy (Biehl 1112). All of these facts are pervasive threats to the integrity of human health. Therefore, neighborhoods involving pharmaceuticals demoralize fragile populations through the implications of how clinical trials exploit treatment nai ve populations, the everyday risk of how traders speculate pharmaceutical markets, and the disturbance of how structural violences reveal a sense of injustice for drug resistance treatment. Clinical trials are often practiced in determining whether a drug is validated for safe and effective distribution. They are branched into three stages and are generally sponsored by biotechnological companies (Rajan 67). The first and second stages are to determine whether the drug molecule is safe forShow MoreRelatedHuman Nature And The Organization Of Human Society1742 Words   |  7 Pagespossible by combining the 3 subfields of anthropology. These fields come together to help solve not only present day cases but with technology and advancements we are able to solve decade old cases. 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Paper on “Night” by Elie Wisel Free Essays

Elie’s Spiritual Journey In Elie Wisel’s Night, Elie goes through an incredible spiritual change. In the beginning of his book he is striving to become the most devoted Jew he can. This is illustrated by his â€Å"crying because something inside me felt the need to cry† as he was praying in the temple. We will write a custom essay sample on Paper on â€Å"Night† by Elie Wisel or any similar topic only for you Order Now His devotion to Judism is also shown by his desire to study the Kabbalah. When his father discourages him from studying this â€Å"world of mysticism† Elie begins looking for his own teacher, and he finds Moishe the Beadle. Moishe helps Elie see why he prays and guide him in the teaching of the Kabbalists. One of the first times Elie’s faith is tested is when he first gets to Birkenau and sees the crematorium. There people are expecting death yet his father says â€Å"May His name be celebrated and sanctified. † Elie gets mad at his father for saying this, because Elie had an expectation from his devotion to Judism. He expects to have a long life with minimal trials thanks to his devotion. However, when his faith is tested he says: â€Å"For the first time I felt anger rising within me. Why should I sanctify His name? The Almighty and terrible Master of the Universe, chose to be silent. What was there to thank him for? † This shows he is disappointed in God. The Bible says â€Å"give thanks in all circumstances, for this is God’s will for you in Christ Jesus† (1 Thessalonians 5:18) Elie’s attitude is not thankful and even hating. We see that Elie also feels like God has left Elie and the Jews. In chapter 4 a young boy is hanged from the gallows. As he slips in and out of death someone says: â€Å"For God’s sake, where is God? † Elie says â€Å"Where He is? This is where – hanging here from this gallows. † Elie now believes God is dead or has forgotten about His people. His response shows that he has begun to totally disregard God, and even question himself as well as his faith. Elie is upset that God is allowing the Jews to be slaughtered. â€Å"You have betrayed (the inmates) allowing them to be tortured, slaughtered, gassed, and burned! What do they do? They pray before you! They praise your name! † This statement from chapter 5, during Rosh Hashanah, shows that Elie is definitely mad at God for letting the Holocaust happen. The next two paragraphs show how Elie’s faith has been shattered. â€Å"I knew my sins grieved the Almighty so I pleaded for forgiveness. . . But, now I no longer pleaded for anything. . . I was the accuser, God the accused. † These two statements reveal that Elie feels the power of the Holy Spirit to ask for forgiveness, yet he ignores it. He chooses instead to accuse God and to block out His voice. Despite all these times when he has denied God, Elie still begins his Nobel Peace Prize speech with a prayer. He goes on to talk about a small boy (him) that has emerged from the Kingdom of Night, the Holocaust. He said â€Å"A young Jewish boy discovered the Kingdom of Night. I remember his bewilderment, I remember his anguish. It all happened so fast. Elie also talks about his Judism. He tells everyone that his â€Å"First response is to Jewish fears. † He wants everyone to know that he will not stand by as his people are persecuted. As he draws his speech to a close he says, â€Å"Should Israel lose but one war, it would mean her end and ours as well. But I have faith. † This comment as well as his enti re speech, shows that Elie has, perhaps, restored his faith in God, despite his bitterness. However, only God knows his heart. Only God knows what that little boy crying in the temple went through, as he traveled through the Kingdom of Night. How to cite Paper on â€Å"Night† by Elie Wisel, Essay examples

Overview of Once Were Warriors Essay Example For Students

Overview of Once Were Warriors Essay In the film Once Were Warriors, Lee Tamahori, director of the film, achieves the traditional-modern binary through the usage of diegetic and non-diegetic sounds, and thus derives the plot to its end. Tamahori uses diegetic sound effects, such as wind/traditional song/hakka, to convey Beths movement towards her culture, and also uses non-diegetic sound to conclude Beths inner dilemma, as opposed to using dialogues to weigh both sides of traditional-modern binary. Therefore, through examination of these sounds, this essay will focus on how the plot is derived to the end, to where Beth and her children will keep their tradition while Jake remains trapped in his alienated urban existence. Tamahori uses diegetic sounds to emphasize tradition and thus allows Beth to make a smooth transition from the unstable and dangerous urbanized life to her culture. Tamahori conveys this transition with the usage of diegetic sounds â€Å"impl a visible onscreen source†1(pg. 86), like how he uses sound bridge to carry â€Å"sound over a visual transition,† (pg. 187) to a woman singing a Maori traditional song from Beths close up to the woman (through scenes 1. b) to 2. b). Followed by Boogies classmates doing the Haka dance, it is evident that tradition dominates the modern society for everyone in the funeral. A short dialogue of Weve come home Grace, were home (scene 5) terminates the transition, as it conveys that Beth has turned completely away from her ignorant past. Therefore by using traditional sounds, Tamahori emphasizes the Maori culture and conveys to the viewers that Beth has now settled as a Maori. Modern binary is introduced with the scene where Jake and his friends are having a beer in a pub. Jake’s dialogue of â€Å"Am I never good enough? † at scene 12 expresses Jake’s low self-esteem, possibly coming from his background as a slave, and his follow up dialogue, of denying to an offer to visit Grace’s funeral, tells the viewers that Jake still wants to remain parted from his Maori tradition. Also, this dialogue points out his unwillingness to change his roots. This argument is made stronger with Jake’s next dialogue of worrying about Grace. He asks his friends if he was too hard on the kid (Grace), which portrays his possible feeling of guilt towards her suicide, but also portrays irresponsibility of not wanting to take part in the funeral. Overall, this scene portrays modernism by Jake’s dialogues of denial as well as showing his stubbornness of not going to the funeral, not wanting to be part of Maori culture, and to keep his stance in the urban society. Tamahori also uses dialogues to keep focusing on the tradition, when Beth talks about her childhood at scenes 13 to 20. She shows, by her choice of words and breaking down after she finishes, that she is regretful and shameful for her past and is willing to turn back to her culture and change. The diegetic sounds of voice-off sniffing and mourning also adds tension and strength to Beth’s story. The usage of non-diegetic sound emphasizes tradition because it only appears when Beth is telling her story. By being unique, it directs extra attention to the story and introduces the viewers once again to the Maori culture through hearing her story growing up as a Maori. This sound and Beth’s story creates a synergy and when Beth’s story is finished, Nig breaks down along with Beth, in which with his dialogue, the scene comes to a closure. It also plays a significant role because it imposes a stronger message of Beth’s willingness to return to her real home. .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e , .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .postImageUrl , .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e , .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e:hover , .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e:visited , .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e:active { border:0!important; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e:active , .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua29a78065a6a8700062961f2ef7fd00e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Erendira - Directed by Ray Guerra EssayTherefore, through playing a traditional hymn as the background music with it being the only non-diegetic sound, Tamahori portrays the sense of belonging of Beth in her culture. Through the usage of diegetic and non-diegetic sounds, Tamahori achieves the tradition-modern binary in the film Once Were Warriors, placing Beth as traditional and Jake as modern. This part of the movie is important because it shows the start of Beth and her children’s new life as a Maori, while Jake chooses to remain trapped in his alienated urban existence that causes his violence and alcoholism.